ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

An adverbial clause is a clause that functions as an adverb. In other words, it contains a subject (explicit or implied) and a predicate, and it modifies a verb.

• I saw Joe when I went to the store. (explicit subject I)
• He sat quietly in order to appear polite. (implied subject he)

According to Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk, adverbial clauses function mainly as adjuncts or disjuncts. In these functions they are like adverbial phrases, but due to their potentiality for greater explicitness, they are more often like prepositional phrases (Greenbaum and Quirk,1990):

• We left after the speeches ended. (Is it an adverbial clause, adverbial phrase, or prepositional phrase?)
• We left after the end of the speeches.(Is it an adverbial clause, adverbial phrase, or prepositional phrase?)

Contrast adverbial clauses with adverbial phrases, which do not contain a clause.

• I like to fly kites for fun.

Adverb Clause

1. Clause of Time

Shut the door before you go out.
You may begin when(ever) you are ready.
While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

2. Clause of Place

Contoh:
They sat down wherever they could find empty seats
The guard stood where he was positioned.
Where there is a will, there is a way.

Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
Go where you like.

3. Clause of Contrast (or Concession)

Contoh:

As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.
Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.
Although it is late, we’ll stay a little longer.
He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

4. Clause of Manner

Contoh:
He did as I told him.
You may finish it how you like.
They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.

5. Clause of Purpose and Result

Contoh:                                                                
They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.
She bought a book so (that) she could learn English
He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.
I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.

6. Clause of Cause and Effect

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk

Clause jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.

Contoh:
Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.
It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.
The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.
The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.

Contoh:
The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.
I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.

Contoh:
He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.

Contoh:
It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors. ATAU It was so hot a day that we
decided to stay indoors.
It was such an interesting book that he couldn't put it down. ATAU It was so interesting a
book that he couldn't put it down.

SUMBER : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial_clause